control statements in java

Control statements in Java are used to control the flow of execution in a program. There are three main types of control statements in Java: selection statements, iteration statements, and jump statements.

1. Selection Statements: These statements are used to select one or more statements to execute based on a condition.

• if-else statement: This statement is used to execute one block of statements if a condition is true and another block of statements if the condition is false.

if (condition) {
    // statements to execute if condition is true
} else {
    // statements to execute if condition is false
}

• switch statement: This statement is used to select one of several blocks of statements to execute based on the value of an expression.

switch (expression) {
    case value1:
        // statements to execute if expression equals value1
        break;
    case value2:
        // statements to execute if expression equals value2
        break;
    ...
    default:
        // statements to execute if none of the above cases are true
        break;
}

2. Iteration Statements: These statements are used to repeat one or more statements multiple times.

• for loop: This statement is used to execute a block of statements a fixed number of times.

for (initialization; condition; update) {
    // statements to execute
}

• while loop: This statement is used to execute a block of statements as long as a condition is true.

while (condition) {
    // statements to execute
}

• do-while loop: This statement is used to execute a block of statements at least once, and then repeat the block of statements as long as a condition is true.

do {
    // statements to execute
} while (condition);

3. Jump Statements: These statements are used to transfer control to another part of the program.

• break statement: This statement is used to terminate a loop or switch statement.

break;

• continue statement: This statement is used to skip the current iteration of a loop and continue to the next iteration.

continue;

• return statement: This statement is used to exit a method and return a value to the calling method.

return value;

These are the control statements in Java. As a programmer, it’s important to understand how to use these statements to control the flow of execution in your programs.